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​关系代词与关系副词的用法详解及例句

2026-06-03 21:03 来源:海蔻通 点击:

关系代词与关系副词的用法详解及例句

确定关系代词关系副词,可以从它们的作用和句中功能入手:

一、关系代词(who, whom, whose, which, that)

作用:引导定语从句,代替先行词(人或物),在从句中作主语、宾语、定语或表语。

who / whom / whose — 用于人例:The man who called you is here.(who作主语)The woman whom you met is my friend.(whom作宾语)The boy whose bike is broken is crying.(whose作定语)which / that — 用于物(或动物)例:The book which you lent me is interesting.The car that he bought is new.

二、关系副词(where, when, why, how)

作用:引导定语从句,修饰地点、时间、原因或方式,不能代替先行词,而是引导状语成分。

where — 表地点(相当于in/at/on which)例:This is the house where I was born.when — 表时间(相当于on/in/at which)例:I remember the day when we first met.why — 表原因(相当于for which)例:I don’t know the reason why he left.how — 表方式(较少用作关系副词,常用作连接词)例:I don’t know how he did it.

判断小技巧:

先找到先行词:如果先行词是人或物,且从句中有主语或宾语的位置缺失,多半用关系代词。如果先行词表示地点、时间、原因等,则常用关系副词。看从句成分:如果缺主语或宾语,关系代词补位。如果缺的是状语(地点、时间、原因、方式),用关系副词。

总结:

关系代词

代替先行词

从句成分

示例

who / whom / whose

主语/宾语/定语

The man who called me.

which / that

物(或动物)

主语/宾语

The book which is new.

关系副词

代替成分

从句成分

示例

where

地点

状语

The place where we met.

when

时间

状语

The day when I arrived.

why

原因

状语

The reason why he left.

how

方式(少用)

状语

I know how he did it.


关系代词例句

1. who(作主语,指人)

The teacher who teaches us English is very kind.(教我们英语的老师很和蔼。)

2. whom(作宾语,指人)

The girl whom you saw yesterday is my sister.(你昨天看到的女孩是我妹妹。)

3. whose(作定语,指人或物,表示所属)

This is the man whose car was stolen.(这就是车被偷的那个人。)I found a house whose roof was damaged by the storm.(我发现一栋屋顶被暴风雨损坏的房子。)

4. which(作主语或宾语,指物)

The book which is on the table belongs to me.(桌子上的书是我的。)The movie which we watched last night was amazing.(我们昨晚看的电影很棒。)

5. that(指人或物,作主语或宾语)

The dog that barked loudly is mine.(大声叫的那只狗是我的。)The person that you called is not here.(你打电话的人不在。)

关系副词例句

1. where(表示地点)

This is the restaurant where we had dinner last night.(这就是我们昨晚吃饭的餐厅。)I don’t know the place where he lives.(我不知道他住的地方。)

2. when(表示时间)

Do you remember the day when we met for the first time?(你记得我们第一次见面的那一天吗?)There was a time when people used typewriters.(曾经有一段时间人们用打字机。)

3. why(表示原因)

Tell me the reason why you were late.(告诉我你迟到的原因。)I don’t understand the reason why she is upset.(我不明白她为什么不开心。)

4. how(表示方式)

I will explain how to solve this problem.(我会解释如何解决这个问题。)Do you know how she managed to finish the work so quickly?(你知道她是怎么这么快完成工作的么?)